Ilovaysky I.B., Huseynov T.A. The Categories “Metaverse” and “Non-Fungible Token” in Private International Law: The Example of Maritime Transportation of Goods
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/lc.jvolsu.2023.3.14
Igor B. Ilovaysky, Candidate of Sciences (Jurisprudence), Associate Professor, Department of Civil Law Disciplines, Volgograd Institute of Management, branch of the Russian Presidental Academy of the National Economy and Public Administration, Gagarina St, 8, 400066 Volgograd, Russian Federation, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4210-9413
Tofik A. Huseynov, Legal Adviser, TOTEM LLC, Parkhomenko St, 62, Apartment 13, 400087 Volgograd, Russian Federation, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7620-5262
Introduction. The emergence of new technologies poses to the Russian legislator a number of complex issues that require rapid and high-quality study, since successful or, conversely, unsuccessful legal regulation of certain processes can promote or hinder their development. These are currently digital technologies and, as their separate element, the metaverse, which exists through the operation of a system of distributed registries, smart contracts, and primary accounting units – tokens. In this regard, the purpose of this publication is to consider the current state and certain aspects of improving the legal regulation of the metaverse and the turnover of a particular type of token, namely the non-fungible token (NFT). Methods. The research is based on the application of logical and dialectical techniques and methods of scientific cognition, comparative legal and legal-technical analysis of texts of normative acts, and materials of law enforcement practice. As a result of the research, the features of the functioning of metaverses as a symbiosis of the real, virtual, and imaginary worlds were considered. The introduction of such technologies into civil circulation, including the sphere of maritime transportation, can significantly improve the quality of legal protection of the rights and interests of subjects involved in these relations. The results of the review became the basis for the following conclusion: the Russian Federation is at the initial stage of the formation of metaverses on its territory, including the issue of legal regulation of such phenomena. In this connection, and taking into account the geopolitical situation, it was proposed by the state forces, with the involvement of the largest Russian transport organizations, on the basis of a public-private partnership, to accelerate the creation of such systems, including regulations in this area, both within Russia and at the regional and international level within the framework of the EAEU and BRICS.
Key words: blockchain, bill of lading, metaverse, maritime transportation, smart contracts, tokenization, nonfungible token, digital technologies.
Citation. Ilovaysky I.B., Huseynov T.A. The Categories “Metaverse” and “Non-Fungible Token” in Private International Law: The Example of Maritime Transportation of Goods. Legal Concept = Pravovaya paradigma, 2023, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 102-111. (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/lc.jvolsu.2023.3.14
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